[Helm] Helm (2)

kubernetes

[Helm] Helm (2)

bbiyak2da 2025. 1. 20. 15:54

Helm

Helm 차트 생성

실습

[Helm Chart 구성 전 작업]

# Helm chart 생성 전, 구성 yaml 파일 생성

# Create helm chart : mynginx
mkdir manifests
kubectl create deployment webserver --image nginx:1.25.2 --port 80 -o yaml > manifests/deployment.yaml
kubectl expose deployment webserver --port 80 --target-port 80 --type NodePort -o yaml >  manifests/service.yaml
tree manifests/
kubectl delete -f deployments.yaml
kubectl delete -f service.yaml

# deployment.yaml 파일 수정

root@master:~/manifests# vi deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: webserver
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: webserver
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: webserver
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx:1.25.2
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: nginx
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

그냥 냅둬도 되는데 필요없는 spec들 지워보자,,

# service.yaml 파일 수정

root@master:~/manifests# vi service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: webserver
  namespace: default
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: webserver
  type: NodePort

# helm chart 생성

root@master:~# helm create mynginx
Creating mynginx

# helm chart 구조 확인

root@master:~# tree mynginx/
mynginx/
├── Chart.yaml
├── charts
├── templates
│   ├── NOTES.txt
│   ├── _helpers.tpl
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   ├── hpa.yaml
│   ├── ingress.yaml
│   ├── service.yaml
│   ├── serviceaccount.yaml
│   └── tests
│       └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml

4 directories, 10 files

불필요 파일 삭제 후 다시 확인해보자

root@master:~# rm mynginx/templates/*.yaml mynginx/templates/{_helpers.tpl,NOTES.txt}
root@master:~# rm -rf mynginx/templates/tests/

root@master:~# tree mynginx/
mynginx/
├── Chart.yaml
├── charts
├── templates
└── values.yaml

3 directories, 2 files

아까 manifests 디렉터리에 만들어 놓은 yaml 파일을 해당 nginx chart에 복사하자

root@master:~# cd manifests
root@master:~/manifests# ls
deployment.yaml  service.yaml

root@master:~# cp manifests/* mynginx/templates/
root@master:~# tree mynginx/
mynginx/
├── Chart.yaml
├── charts
├── templates
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   └── service.yaml
└── values.yaml

3 directories, 4 files

# Chart를 테스트 실행하여 문법 오류 유무 확인

# chart를 TEST 실행하여 오류 유무를 확인
# helm lint PATH [flags]
helm lint mynginx/

# helm chart 실행

root@master:~# helm install webserver ./mynginx
NAME: webserver
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Jan 20 06:53:10 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None

# 확인

root@master:~# kubectl get all
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/webserver-6fdb4fc7d-bkrcf   1/1     Running   0          49s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        12d
service/webserver    NodePort    10.96.55.139   <none>        80:30438/TCP   49s

NAME                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/webserver   1/1     1            1           49s

NAME                                  DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/webserver-6fdb4fc7d   1         1         1       49s

root@master:~# curl localhost:30438

service의 port로 접근해서, nginx 화면이 잘 나오면 성공

# 삭제

root@master:~# helm uninstall webserver
release "webserver" uninstalled

실습2

# mynginx chart에 변수(values.yaml) 설정

root@master:~# cat > mynginx/values.yaml
replicaCount: 1
image:
  repository: nginx
  tag: 1.25.2
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  pullSecret:
service:
  type: NodePort

# deployment.yaml 파일 수정

root@master:~/mynginx/templates# vi deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: "deploy-{{ .Release.Name }}"
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: "{{ .Chart.Name }}"
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: "{{ .Chart.Name }}"
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: "{{ .Values.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.image.tag }}"
        imagePullPolicy: "{{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}"
        name: "{{ .Chart.Name }}"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

변수값을 통해 할당이 되게 끔 파일 수정

# service.yaml 파일 수정

root@master:~/mynginx/templates# vi service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: "svc-{{ .Release.Name }}"
  namespace: default
spec:
  type: "{{ .Values.service.type }}"
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: "{{ .Chart.Name }}"

해당 파일도 동일

# tree 구조로 확인

root@master:~# tree mynginx/
mynginx/
├── Chart.yaml
├── charts
├── templates
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   └── service.yaml
└── values.yaml

3 directories, 4 files

# helm chart 실행

root@master:~# helm install webserver ./mynginx/
NAME: webserver
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Jan 20 07:32:23 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None

# 확인

root@master:~# kubectl get all
NAME                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/deploy-webserver-75ddfdc77c-659l2   1/1     Running   0          2m10s

NAME                    TYPE        CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.96.0.1     <none>        443/TCP        12d
service/svc-webserver   NodePort    10.104.9.36   <none>        80:31048/TCP   2m10s

NAME                               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/deploy-webserver   1/1     1            1           2m10s

NAME                                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/deploy-webserver-75ddfdc77c   1         1         1       2m10s

# Helm chart rolling update

root@master:~# helm upgrade --set image.repository=httpd --set image.tag=2.2.34-alpine webserver mynginx
Release "webserver" has been upgraded. Happy Helming!
NAME: webserver
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Jan 20 07:39:35 2025
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 2
TEST SUITE: None

# 확인

root@master:~# helm list
NAME            NAMESPACE       REVISION        UPDATED                                 STATUS          CHART           APP VE                                                                                                                                                                RSION
webserver       default         2               2025-01-20 07:39:35.467990862 +0000 UTC deployed        mynginx-0.1.0   1.16.0

# Helm chart rolling back

root@master:~# helm rollback webserver 1
Rollback was a success! Happy Helming!

revision 1로 rollback

# 확인

root@master:~# helm list
NAME            NAMESPACE       REVISION        UPDATED                                 STATUS          CHART           APP VE                                                                                                                                                                RSION
webserver       default         3               2025-01-20 07:43:50.593053996 +0000 UTC deployed        mynginx-0.1.0   1.16.0

# 삭제

root@master:~# helm uninstall webserver
release "webserver" uninstalled

helm chart package(파일) 만들기

# helm chart package 생성

root@master:~# helm package mynginx/
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/mynginx-0.1.0.tgz

# 확인

root@master:~# ls
mynginx-0.1.0.tgz

mynginx-0.1.0.tgw 파일이 만들어졌다.

* 0.1.0 : 차트 버전정보

# 차트 버전 정보 수정 후 helm package 생성

root@master:~# vi mynginx/Chart.yaml
apiVersion: v2
name: mynginx
description: A Helm chart for running nginx web server
type: application
version: 0.2.0
appVersion: "1.16.0"

Chart.yaml 파일의 버전 정보를 0.2.0로 업데이트했다.

root@master:~# helm package mynginx/
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/mynginx-0.2.0.tgz

# 확인

root@master:~# helm package mynginx/
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/mynginx-0.2.0.tgz
root@master:~# ls
mynginx-0.2.0.tgz

[참고 영상]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEUMYnR5wv4&list=PLApuRlvrZKohLYdvfX-UEFYTE7kfnnY36&index=14